Martin Marty wanted to save the sioux from the fire of hell and even tried to turn Toro sitting.He was part of the indigenous culture annihilation campaign.But what could take a Swiss Benedictine monk to undertake a mission of ‘civilization’ of indigenous people on behalf of the United States?
Este contenido fue publicado el 29 agosto 2021 - 11:00The commemorative chapel of Bishop Marty in Yankton, South Dakota, was built in the years after World War II, as "Monument to the Holy Bishop thanks to which the Benedictines arrived in Dakota".Swiss Benedictine Monk Martin Marty became known there as the "Apostle of the Sioux";Several schools and a small town are named after.
A drawing of the stained glass window that bears his name shows how Marty tried.The stained glass window shows Marty looking at the great boss with astonishment and respect, while, in the background, a group of indigenous women sings with chantic books in their hands.
To the Swiss historian Manuel Menrath, who has studied in depth the story of Martin Marty and his role in the 'civilization' of the Sioux, this representation has always seemed to a frankly irritating hypocrisy: “a completely respectful marty is represented, singingdevoutly with Indians who carry long hair and head feathers ornaments.It is possible that in heaven they would be allowed to go as they liked, but in the boarding schools directed by Marty things were very different: ornaments and hair was the first to disappear, it was considered pagan and diabolical ”.
The fact that many sioux remain Catholics today is Marty's work.His boarding schools helped to turn indigenous children into good Americans, workers and, above all, Catholics.Martin Marty is a good example of how a man with religious objectives can become a puppet of colonialism.But how did a monk from the central Switzerland end in the United States of the nineteenth century?
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Switzerland and colonialism
Switzerland never had colonies - but the Swiss benefited from colonialism.
Fascinated by the savage west
Marty, son of a sacristan, grew in a religious family atmosphere, and his three brothers also became priests.Since the age of five he was educated by the Jesuits and he was inspired very soon for his work as itinerant defenders of the faith.As a child he found a model in San Francisco Javier, who in the 16th century carried out missions in Japan, Mozambique and India.Although Francisco Javier was never in America, in the central Switzerland he was also revered as "Apostle of the Indians".
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But in Switzerland, Marty couldn't get a Jesuit.Its order had been prohibited by the constitution of the new federal state of 1848, as it is considered hostile to the State and subject exclusively to Rome.Therefore, Martin Marty became Benedictine monk at age 16 and received the religious name of "Martin".
Within the federal state, the Catholic cantons were increasingly dominated by the Protestant cantons.In many of them the monasteries and Catholic schools closed.The Einsiedeln monastery, which Marty belonged, was looking for a way to escape the threat of dissolution.
For this reason monks were sent to the United States, and in 1854 they founded the abbey of San Meinrad in Indiana, near Tell City, where many Swiss settlers had established in the 1850s in the 1850s.Actually, they not only sought a shelter, but traveled after the steps of Catholic emigrants, Menrath says: "It was feared that they could end up becoming Protestantism abroad".
But the abbey of the west did not work as expected in Einsiedeln.In 1860 Marty, who was then 26, was sent to put order.And he got it.He founded a school for the children of the settlers, around which a small town grew.In 1870, San Meinrad became monastery and Marty was appointed Abad.
But the sedentary life of the monastery did not convince him;He preferred to see himself as a missionary in the border territories.His desire was to bring the Catholic truth to the "pagans living in darkness and in the darkness of death".Although he had arrived as administrator, the time was favorable to approach his goal: to become an "Apostle of the Indians".
